Circassian Flag Day: Honoring Identity & National Unity
Adel Bashqawi
April 25, 2025
April 25th marks Circassian Flag Day, celebrated annually by Circassian communities worldwide. The flag, with its distinctive symbols and colors, was conceptualized and prepared during the Russo-Circassian War, specifically in 1835. It was woven, embroidered, and crafted by Circassian national figures in Istanbul.
Its legitimacy was solidified when it was adopted during the defense of the Circassian homeland and the very existence of its people against a brutal invasion. At that time, Circassians were fighting not only to protect their land but also to defend their freedom, dignity, and right to self-determination and independence.
The Circassian flag embodies essential values and serves as a fundamental pillar of national identity. As a rectangular piece of cloth or similar material, it features meaningful symbols and colors that evoke pride, honor, and a profound sense of belonging. Beyond its visual form, the flag stands as a powerful representation of spiritual values, dignity, and unity. It reinforces national and patriotic sentiments, reflecting the collective hopes and aspirations of the Circassian people.
“The Circassian flag contains twelve golden stars and three golden crossed arrows. Each of the twelve stars represents a major Circassian tribe, all equally represented without prejudice or discrimination, symbolizing unity. The crossed arrows reflect that Circassians do not seek war but will defend themselves and their existence when threatened. The flag’s color reflects the spring landscape of the homeland—its meadows and forests.” [1]
The flag was designed with all its symbols and meanings during the Russo-Circassian War in 1835. After being crafted in Istanbul, it was sent across the Black Sea to the Circassian homeland, where it was raised as a symbol of unity and presented to representatives of the major Circassian tribes.
“In 1836, a general Circassian assembly was held in the valley of Psefabe, where the flag was unanimously approved in form and content by representatives of the Circassian tribes. It was declared that this flag (Baraq) would be the unifying symbol of all Circassians.” [2]
Its adoption during a time of resistance against invasion reinforced its legitimacy, symbolizing not just defiance but a deep commitment to freedom, dignity, and national sovereignty.
“On March 23, 1992, the Republic of Adygea officially adopted the Circassian flag as its national flag.” [3] In the years that followed, Circassians—both in their homeland and in the diaspora—advocated for greater recognition. In response, Circassian organizations agreed in 2010 to designate April 25th as Circassian Flag Day.
Conclusion
Celebrating Circassian Flag Day is vital to preserving the Circassian nation, both now and for future generations. It affirms national identity without compromising any of its symbols. The flag is raised at institutions, events are organized, and lectures are held to highlight its importance. These observances strengthen awareness and foster a sense of belonging among Circassians worldwide, reinforcing their connection to national values, the homeland, and the Circassian cause.
The flag has become a powerful emblem of national unity and identity. Flag-raising marches commemorate the Circassian people’s historical struggles and continued pursuit of justice. Horse and car parades are also held as part of the celebration.
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References:
[1] https://justicefornorthcaucasus.info/?p=1251684904
[2] https://justicefornorthcaucasus.info/?p=1251683799
[3] https://justicefornorthcaucasus.info/?p=1251683799
